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How Does the Sun Cause Skin Cancer?
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer. This type of cancer usually develops on the head and neck in the skin's basal cells, which are just below its surface. Basal cell carcinoma forms when excessive sunlight damages the skin's DNA, which is called thymine dimers. As the DNA damage multiplies, mutations occur. This, combined with the immune system suppression that occurs naturally from sunlight, allows tumor cells to form and eventually take over certain areas of the skin.
Squamous cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer occurs most frequently on the lips, mouth, tongue and nose. Though two-thirds of basal cell carcinomas are attributed to excessive sun exposure, with no UVA or UVB protection, nearly all squamous cell carcinoma cases are attributed to the sun. This is why this type of skin cancer is almost always found on areas of the skin that gets the most sun exposure, whether that be your face, arms, legs or back. Many people also develop squamous cell carcinoma on hard-to-see areas of the skin, including behind the ears or between the toes. This is why it is especially important to get your yearly skin check by your dermatologist. Like basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma also develops when the skin undergoes mutations in the squamous skin layer, which, combined with immune suppression from the sun, can lead to skin cancer.
Melanoma
Caucasians, particularly those with very light skin, freckles or blond or red hair, are at a higher risk for developing this type of skin cancer than other ethnicities. Though there are plenty of instances of melanoma that occur despite one's level of sun exposure, there are also plenty of cases that have directly been linked to the sun damaged caused by sunburns. According to Cancer Research UK, individuals who develop melanoma are twice as likely as others to have developed at least one very bad sunburn in their lifetimes. As the amount of sunburns increase, so does the risk of melanoma.
Read more: How Does the Sun Cause Skin Cancer? | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5003290_sun-cause-skin-cancer.html#ixzz1ucbWThF4
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